信步杏庭 发表于 2015-6-29 08:24:31

Cell:内质网应激关键蛋白调节抗肿瘤免疫

本帖最后由 信步杏庭 于 2015-6-29 08:41 编辑

Cell:内质网应激关键蛋白调节抗肿瘤免疫
来源:生物谷 2015-06-18



http://www-bioon.qiniudn.com/tm/UploadFiles/201506/2015061809132891.png2015年6月18日讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,来自美国的研究人员在著名国际学术期刊Cell在线发表了一项最新研究进展,他们发现内质网应激应答因子XBP1能够通过调节脂质代谢影响DC细胞功能,抑制T细胞抗肿瘤免疫,促进肿瘤进展,为肿瘤免疫治疗的发展提供了一个重要线索。

本文亮点:

●肿瘤微环境中的DC细胞存在ER应激和IRE1a/XBP1激活
●DC细胞内的XBP1能够驱动原位和转移性卵巢癌进展
●XBP1能够调节tDC细胞的脂质代谢和抗原递呈
●在tDC细胞中沉默XBP1能够增强T细胞抗肿瘤免疫延长宿主生存时间

树突状细胞(DC)在起始和维持T细胞依赖性抗肿瘤免疫中发挥着重要作用。但肿瘤常通过损伤正常DC细胞功能削弱免疫系统的控制。内质网应激应答因子XBP1能够直接促进肿瘤细胞生长,但XBP1是否具有调控宿主抗肿瘤免疫应答的作用仍不清楚。

在该项研究中,研究人员发现在肿瘤相关DC细胞中组成型激活的XBP1能够通过阻断抗肿瘤免疫驱动乳腺癌进展。XBP1的激活以脂质过氧化反应产生的副产物为动力,诱导tDC细胞中甘油三酯的合成模式发生改变,导致tDC细胞中脂质异常积累,抑制了tDC细胞对抗肿瘤T细胞功能发挥的促进作用。随后,研究人员在DC细胞中特异性删除XBP1或通过纳米颗粒介导的基因沉默方法在tDC细胞中特异性沉默XBP1表达,结果发现tDC细胞的免疫刺激活性得到恢复,同时也通过产生具有保护性的I型抗肿瘤免疫应答延长了宿主的生存时间。

总得来说,这项研究表明在DC细胞中靶向ER应激应答反应可以抑制肿瘤生长,增强抗肿瘤免疫,这一发现为肿瘤免疫治疗提供了一种重要的潜在方法,具有重要意义。(生物谷Bioon.com)

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DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.025

ER Stress Sensor XBP1 Controls Anti-tumor Immunity by Disrupting Dendritic Cell Homeostasis

Juan R. Cubillos-Ruiz, Pedro C. Silberman, Melanie R. Rutkowski, Sahil Chopra, Alfredo Perales-Puchalt, Minkyung Song, Sheng Zhang, Sarah E. Bettigole, Divya Gupta, Kevin Holcomb, Lora H. Ellenson, Thomas Caputo, Ann-Hwee Lee, Jose R. Conejo-Garcia, Laurie H. Glimcher

Dendritic cells (DCs) are required to initiate and sustain T cell-dependent anti-cancer immunity. However, tumors often evade immune control by crippling normal DC function. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response factor XBP1 promotes intrinsic tumor growth directly, but whether it also regulates the host anti-tumor immune response is not known. Here we show that constitutive activation of XBP1 in tumor-associated DCs (tDCs) drives ovarian cancer (OvCa) progression by blunting anti-tumor immunity. XBP1 activation, fueled by lipid peroxidation byproducts, induced a triglyceride biosynthetic program in tDCs leading to abnormal lipid accumulation and subsequent inhibition of tDC capacity to support anti-tumor T cells. Accordingly, DC-specific XBP1 deletion or selective nanoparticle-mediated XBP1 silencing in tDCs restored their immunostimulatory activity in situ and extended survival by evoking protective type 1 anti-tumor responses. Targeting the ER stress response should concomitantly inhibit tumor growth and enhance anti-cancer immunity, thus offering a unique approach to cancer immunotherapy.



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